Theming Material

Browser support

Before you start, please be aware that Material supports the latest, stable releases of all major browsers and platforms. On Windows, we support Internet Explorer 10-11 / Microsoft Edge.

Alternative browsers which use the latest version of Blink, Gecko, or WebKit whether directly or via the platform’s web view API, are not explicitly supported. However, Material should (in most cases) display and function correctly in these browsers as well. More specific support information is provided below.

Desktop browsers

The latest versions of most desktop browsers are supported.

For Firefox, in addition to the latest normal stable release, we also support the latest Extended Support Release (ESR) version of Firefox.

Unofficially, Material should behave and look well enough in Chrome for Linux and Chrome, Firefox for Linux, and Internet Explorer 9, though they are not officially supported.

Internet Explorer

Internet Explorer 10+ is supported; IE9 and down is not. Please be aware that some CSS3 properties and HTML5 elements are not fully supported in IE10, or require prefixed properties for full functionality. Visit Can I use for details on browser support of CSS3 and HTML5 features.

Mobile devices

Material supports the latest versions of each major platform’s default browsers. Note that proxy browsers (such as Opera Mini, Opera Mobile’s Turbo mode, UC Browser Mini) are not supported.

CSS variables

Material includes CSS custom properties (variables) in its compiled CSS. These provide easy access to some commonly used values like our breakpoints, colors and font stacks.

Available variables

Here are the variables we include:

:root {
  --breakpoint-xs: 0;
  --breakpoint-sm: 576px;
  --breakpoint-md: 768px;
  --breakpoint-lg: 992px;
  --breakpoint-xl: 1200px;
  --amber: #ffc107;
  --blue: #2196f3;
  --blue-grey: #607d8b;
  --brown: #795548;
  --cyan: #00bcd4;
  --deep-orange: #ff5722;
  --deep-purple: #673ab7;
  --green: #4caf50;
  --grey: #9e9e9e;
  --indigo: #3f51b5;
  --light-blue: #03a9f4;
  --light-green: #8bc34a;
  --lime: #cddc39;
  --orange: #ff9800;
  --pink: #e91e63;
  --purple: #9c27b0;
  --red: #f44336;
  --teal: #009688;
  --yellow: #ffeb3b;
  --primary: #6200ee;
  --primary-dark: #3700b3;
  --primary-light: #bb86fc;
  --secondary: #03dac6;
  --secondary-dark: #018786;
  --secondary-light: #66fff8;
  --danger: #b00020;
  --danger-dark: #d32f2f;
  --danger-light: #c51162;
  --info: #714cfe;
  --info-dark: #021aee;
  --info-light: #d2c2fd;
  --success: #61d800;
  --success-dark: #41c300;
  --success-light: #c6f68d;
  --warning: #ff8d00;
  --warning-dark: #ee6002;
  --warning-light: #ffc77d;
  --dark: #424242;
  --dark-dark: #212121;
  --dark-light: #757575;
  --light: #f5f5f5;
  --light-dark: #e0e0e0;
  --light-light: #fafafa;
  --font-family-monospace: "Roboto Mono", "Menlo", "Monaco", "Consolas", "Liberation Mono", "Courier New", monospace;
  --font-family-sans-serif: "Roboto", -apple-system, "BlinkMacSystemFont", "Segoe UI", "Helvetica Neue", "Arial", sans-serif, "Apple Color Emoji", "Segoe UI Emoji", "Segoe UI Symbol";
}

Examples

CSS variables offer similar flexibility to Sass variables, but without the need for compilation before being served to the browser. For example, here we’re resetting our link styles with CSS variables.

a {
  color: var(--blue);
  font-family: var(--font-family-monospace)
}

While we include breakpoints in our CSS variables, they unfortunately cannot be used in media queries. These remain in the compiled CSS for backward compatibility given they can be utilised by JavaScript. Learn more in the spec.

Sass

Utilize our source Sass files to take advantage of mixins, variables and more.

Whenever possible, avoid modifying Material’s core files. For Sass, that means creating your own stylesheet that imports Material so you can modify and extend it.

For example, you can create a custom.scss and import either all of Material’s source Sass files or only selected parts you need. We encourage the latter, though be aware there are some dependencies and requirements across our components. You will also need to include some JavaScript for certain plugins.

// Custom.scss
// Option A: Include all of Material

@import "node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/material";

// Custom.scss
// Option B: Include parts of Material

// 1. Include functions first (so you can manipulate colors, SVGs, calc, etc)
@import "../node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/functions";

// 2. Include any default variable overrides here

// 3. Include remainder of required Material stylesheets
@import "../node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/colors";
@import "../node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/mixins";
@import "../node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/variables";

// 4. Include any optional Bootstrap components as you like
@import "../node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/base/base";
@import "../node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/base/grid";
@import "../node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/base/typography";
@import "../node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/material/button";
@import "../node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/material/card";
@import "../node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/material/text-field";

With that setup in place, you can begin to modify any of the Sass maps and variables in your custom.scss. You can also start to add parts of Material under the // Optional section as needed. We suggest using the full import stack from our material.scss file as your starting point.

Default variables

Every Sass variable in Material includes the !default flag allowing you to override the variable’s default value in your own Sass without modifying Material’s source code. Copy and paste variables as needed, modify their values, and remove the !default flag. If a variable has already been assigned, then it won’t be re-assigned by the default values in Material.

Here’s an example that changes the background-color for the <body>:

// Default variable overrides
$body-bg: #212121;

// Material
@import "node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/material";

Repeat as necessary for any variable in Material.

Maps

Material includes a handful of Sass maps that make it easier to generate families of related CSS. We use Sass maps for our breakpoints, colors, and more. Just like Sass variables, all Sass maps include the !default flag and can be overridden and extended.

Some of our Sass maps are merged into empty ones by default. This is done to allow easy expansion of a given Sass map, but comes at the cost of making removing items from a map slightly more difficult.

Add to map

To add a new item to $sizes, add the new key and value to your custom Sass file:

$sizes: (
  15: 15%
);

This will generate a new pair of .h-15 and .w-15 classes which will set height and width to be 15% respectively.

Modify map

To modify an existing item in our $spacers map, add the following to your custom Sass file:

$spacers: (
  5: 5rem
);

Classes such as mb-5 will then set margin-bottom to be 5rem instead of the default 3rem.

Remove from map

To remove an item from a map, use map-remove. Be aware you must insert it between our requirements and options:

// Required
@import "node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/colors";
@import "node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/functions";
@import "node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/mixins";
@import "node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/variables";

$theme-colors: map-remove($theme-colors, "info");

// Optional
@import "node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/base/base";
@import "node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/base/grid";
@import "node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/base/typography";
@import "node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/material/button";
@import "node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/material/card";
@import "node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/material/text-field";

However, please be aware that Material assumes the presence of some specific keys within Sass maps. As you customise the included maps, you may encounter errors where a specific Sass map’s key is being used.

For example, we use the danger, success and warning keys from $theme-colors for styling different states of some components. Removing the values of these keys may cause Sass compilation issues. In these instances, you’ll need to modify the Sass code that makes use of those values.

Theme colors

Many of Material’s various components and utilities are built through a series of colors defined in a Sass map. This map can be looped over in Sass to quickly generate a series of rulesets.

All colors

All colors available in Material, are available as Sass variables in our assets/scss/_colors.scss file.

Here’s how you can use these in your Sass:

.class1 {
  color: $material-color-purple-500;
}

.class2 {
  color: map-get($purples, 500);
}

// With our `color()` function which return the 500 colors
.class3 {
  color: color(purple);
}

Theme colors

We use a subset of all colors to create a smaller colour palette for generating colour schemes, available in our assets/scss/variables/_palette.scss file.

Here’s how you can use these in your Sass:

.class1 {
  color: theme-color(primary);
}

.class2 {
  color: theme-color-dark(primary);
}

.class3 {
  color: theme-color-light(primary);
}

Add a theme colour

To add a new colour to $theme-colors, add the new key and value to your custom Sass file. Please be aware that each new colour should also include darker and lighter shades of the primary colour to accent some parts of our components.

// Your variable overrides
$custom-color: (
  color: #ffc107,
  dark: #c79100,
  light: #fff350
);

$theme-colors: (
  'custom-color': $custom-color
);

// Material
@import "node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/material";

Or

// Import Material colors
@import "node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/colors";

// Your variable overrides
$custom-color: (
  color: $material-color-amber-500,
  dark: $material-color-amber-900,
  light: $material-color-amber-100
);

$theme-colors: (
  'custom-color': $custom-color
);

// Import the rest of Material
@import "node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/functions";
@import "node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/mixins";
@import "node_modules/daemonite-material/assets/scss/variables";
...

Modify a theme colour

To modify an existing colour in our $theme-colors map, add the following to your custom Sass file. As aforementioned, each colour in our $theme-colors map contains not only the colour itself, but also darker and lighter shades of it, so please make sure to modify all three values.

$primary: (
  color: #ffc107,
  dark:  darken(#ffc107, 10%),
  light: lighten(#ffc107, 10%)
);